What is it?
- An IUD (Intrauterine Device) is better known as the coil.
- It is a small plastic and copper device that is put into the womb. It has one or two thin threads on the end, which hang through the entrance of the womb (cervix) into the top of the vagina.
- The copper makes the sperm inactive.
- There are different types and sizes of IUD.
- Depending on which one you have, an IUD can stay in for three to ten years. It needs to be fitted by a trained doctor or nurse.
The coil protects you from pregnancy but not sexually transmitted infections. A barrier method of contraception such as condoms will help protect against most infections.
How effective is an IUD?
IUDs are about 99% effective.
Where can I get an IUD?
You can go to a GUM clinic, a family planning clinic, or to your GP. Some GPs and practice nurses will fit IUDs, but not all so check that they offer this service before you go.
You will need to talk to your GP or the doctor or nurse at the sexual health clinic to see if the coil is the right method of contraception for you. They will ask you about your family's medical history and any illness or operations you have had. For some reasons the coil may not be the best option for you.
What are the advantages of an IUD?
- It works as soon as it is inserted.
- Depending on type of coil it works for three to ten years.
- You don't have to think about contraception to stop pregnancy for as long as you have it.
- It doesn't get in the way of sex.
- Your normal fertility returns as soon as it is taken out.
What are the disadvantages of an IUD?
- Some women feel faint or sick for a short time when a coil is fitted.
- Your periods may be heavier, longer or more painful. Although this may improve after a couple of months.
- A very small number of women get an infection during the first 20 days after getting an IUD. A doctor or nurse may advise you get checked for any infections before an IUD is fitted.
- The IUD does not protect you from sexually transmitted infections, so you may have to use condoms as well.
- Getting a sexually transmitted infection when you have an IUD could lead to a pelvic infection.
- The IUD can sometimes fall out. This could happen just after it is inserted or with a heavy period. Your doctor or nurse will show you how to check your IUD threads every month to make sure it is still in place.
- Very occasionally the coil may go through your womb or cervix. This may cause pain but often there you will not realise it has happened. If this occurs the IUD may have to be removed by surgery.
- If you do become pregnant while you are using an IUD there is a small increased risk of you having an ectopic pregnancy. This is when the pregnancy develops outside your womb, usually in a fallopian tube. Although uncommon, it is dangerous.
You should have your IUD checked by a doctor or nurse three to six weeks after it is put in and then once a year or if you have any problems.
If you have any concerns or wish more information on the IUD speak to your GP or staff at a GUM or Family Planning Clinic. If you feel unwell after it's fitted or if you think it has moved out of place (the doctor/nurse will show you how to check this) contact your GP or staff at a clinic immediately for advice. You will find more detailed information on the IUD at the link below.
Links
Family Planning Association: www.fpa.org.uk
